A.
The effect size is how large an effect of something is. For example, medication ‘A’ is better than medication ‘B’ at treating depression. But how much better is it? The terms “Measure of Association” and “Effect Size” both mean the same thing in that they quantify the relationship between two groups. It’s more common to talk about Effect Size in the medical field, when you want to know how exposure is related to disease (i.e. What effect does exposure have on disease outcome?). [1]
On the other hand, Measure of Association is used in an informal way to mean the same thing (quantifying relationships between groups) in most other fields. Measure of association could also refer to specific tests for relationships, like Chi square test of independence, Odds ratio, Proportionate mortality ratio, Rate ratio and Risk Ratio (relative risk) etc. [1]
The Likelihood Ratio (LR) is the likelihood that a given test result would be expected in a patient with the target disorder compared to the likelihood that that same result would be expected in a patient without the target disorder. [2]
Refs;
[1] Effect Size (Measures of Association) Definition and Use in Research. http://www.statisticshowto.com/effect-size/ . Accessed 07/10/2018.
[2] Likelihood ratios -CEBM. https://www.cebm.net/2014/02/likelihood-ratios/ . Accessed 07/10/2018.
0
0