Prosthetic feet can be basic (unmoving), articulated (moving in one or more directions), or dynamic-response (storing and returning energy when walking and thus giving a sense of ‘push off’, much like the human foot). Some of the factors that influence the choice for any prosthesis include; the amputation level, age, weight, foot size, activity level and job needs.
There are two types of articulated feet: single-axis and multi-axis. Both allow motion in one or more planes, similar to the movement of a human foot. A single-axis foot (SAF) has an ankle joint that allows the foot to move up and down, which aids knee stability. They are often used by patients with higher levels of amputation (from the knee to the hip). A SAF reduces the effort needed to control a prosthesis and helps keep the knee from buckling. They add weight to the prosthesis, need periodic repair and cost a little more than most basic feet. The SAF is recommended for patients who need stability.
A multi-axis foot (MAF) is similar to a SAF in terms of weight, need for repair and cost. In addition to the ability to move up and down, MAFs can also move side to side as well as conform to uneven surfaces better than the SAF. The MAF has ankle motion, which absorbs some of the stress of walking, protecting the patient’s skin and reducing wear and tear on the prosthesis. They are often recommended for active amputees such as hikers, golfers, dancers and others who need a lot of foot movement.
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