A nerve root is the initial segment of a nerve leaving the central nervous system. Types include: A cranial nerve root, the beginning of one of the twelve pairs leaving the central nervous system from the brain stem or the highest levels of the spinal cord; A spinal nerve root, the beginning of one of the thirty-one pairs leaving the central nervous system from the spinal cord. Each spinal nerve root consists of the union of a sensory dorsal root and a motor ventral root. The link in the reference cell is a very helpful tutorial. [1]
A nerve lesion is an injury which affects one of the nerves in the body. These lesions can be caused by a wide variety of situations and medical conditions, and they can cause an assortment of symptoms. Some types of lesions include: degenerative diseases of the nervous system, tumors, burns, cuts, and abrasive injuries such as those caused by bones which grate against nerves. In all cases, part of the nerve is damaged, and the myelin, the thick sheath which covers the nerve, may be partially removed. Demyelinated nerves are usually more difficult to treat, especially when the layer is stripped away by a disease, as is the case with multiple sclerosis. [2]
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